Anthelmintic Resistance in Farm and Companion Animals: A Review
Jashima Debbarma
Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, Central Agricultural University (Imphal), Selesih PO, Aizawl, Mizoram: 796015, India.
J. B. Rajesh *
Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, Central Agricultural University (Imphal), Selesih PO, Aizawl, Mizoram: 796015, India.
H. Lalrinkima
Department of Veterinary Parasitology, College of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, Central Agricultural University (Imphal), Selesih PO, Aizawl, Mizoram: 796015, India.
C. Christen
Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, Central Agricultural University (Imphal), Selesih PO, Aizawl, Mizoram: 796015, India.
Payel Kar
Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, Central Agricultural University (Imphal), Selesih PO, Aizawl, Mizoram: 796015, India.
Manas Das
Division of Medicine, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh: 243122, India.
Elone Lucy
Department of Veterinary Medicine, Sanskaram College of Veterinary and Animal Science, Kheri- Kulana Road Kheri, Taluka, Patauda, Haryana: 124108, India.
Kh Thanila Rose
Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Science, Assam Veterinary and Fishery University, Khanapara, Guwahati, Assam: 781022, India.
Bensia Debbarma
Department of Veterinary Anatomy & Histology, College of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, Central Agricultural University (Imphal), Selesih PO, Aizawl, Mizoram: 796015, India.
Jhuma Debbarma
Department of Veterinary Anatomy & Histology, College of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, Central Agricultural University (Imphal), Selesih PO, Aizawl, Mizoram: 796015, India.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
Helminths are a class of worms that pose a serious threat to animal health all over the world. Parasite-caused infections reduce the productivity and well-being of livestock. The World Association for the Advancement of Veterinary Parasitology (WAAVP) raised awareness of this problem in 1992 by publishing techniques for identifying anthelmintic resistance. The most important factor influencing the rate at which AR develops is the frequency of treatment. Several management techniques, including pasture management and refugia, are used to try to prevent parasite infection and or maintain low infection pressure. These would lessen the need to use anthelmintics, which may help postpone the onset of AR. This review article included the development of AR in animals, detection of AR and the management of AR.
Keywords: Anthelmintics, animals, detection, helminths, management, pets, resistance